Tunnel.



K. E. STUART.

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1,040,81 1 Patented Oct. 8, 1912.

KENNETH E. STUART, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

TUNNEL.

Original application filed September 9, 1910, Serial No. 581,208.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented (let. S, 1912.

Divided and this application filed April 9,

1912. Serial No, 689,496.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, KENNETH IG. STUART, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city of Philadelphia, county of Philadelphia, and State of Pennsylvania., have invented a new and use'lul Tunnel, ot which the 'following is a specification.

My invention relates to a tunnel for an underground railway, and more particularly to a railway employed in the despatch et mail, parcels, etc., and 'for other purposes.

lvIy invention resides in the construction and form of the tunnel section which is ot a nature to give access to the interior ot the tunnel while the cars are in operation or transit, and to render unnecessary any change in the shape or size of the tunnel section at curves where the tracks are banked.

My invention resides in the features hereinafter described and claimed'.

For an illustration of one of the forms my invention may take, reference is to be had to 'the accompanying drawing, which is a cross sectional view ot' my improved tunnel.

The tunnel is provided with channels S19 and S2 to accommodate two tracks for transit in opposite directions, with a passage S21 between them carried down in the form of a trench T2 and of suitable dimensions to permit a man to pass through.

The running rails R3 are carried upon cross sleepers T* to which they are secured as follows: On the inside they are bolted down by means ot' the dogs D1. The clips C7 and tie rods B7 draw the rails together against the dogs D1 and at the same time hold the outer side down. The dogs D'L resist the tendency of the rail to tip over outward and the clips prevent it from sliding. Both together hold it down, forming a very secure fastening which can readily be tightened from time to time by means of the nuts N1 and N2 and which obviate the necessity of letting the sleepers project some distance beyond the rails.

The cross sleepers T* rest upon a longitudinal sleeper T5, which they overhang on each side, thus utilizing the natural spring of the cross sleepers to absorb the shock of passing trains and relieve the concrete shell of the tunnel from a hammering that would be liable in time t0 start cracks.

The shape of the space occupied by the cross and longitudinal sleepers lends itself' to the lj'orm oi tunnel section shown. '.lhe surface S is ol circular section, struck 'troni the center ot ligure ot the car This :torni gives a very thick section across Y, Y1, which would otherwise be the weak section ot the tunnel and also provides space in which the conduits (it, `which contain electric power and telephone cables, can be aecouunodated. The circular lorm o'l the sul lace S22 also permits the track to be banked at the curves as shown in the dotted posi tion, without changing the 'torni o't the tunnel sections. The space between the sleepers, etc., is llled with ballast and no anchor bolts or other fastenings are required, which greatly facilitates the construction of the tunnel.

The shell oil the tunnel is oi concrete reinforced by expanded nietal as follows: A sheet R7 is carried completely around the tunnel, occupying the neutral axis at the top where the stresses are conlpression only, and being carried close to the inner surface at the bottoni and sides oit the trench por tion, where a separate sheet RS is placed close to the outer sur'lace. lhe rib Y1 is reinforced by the sheet l.

'.l represents a contact rail :tor delivering current to the motors upon the cars through the sliding contacts Cl.

rl`his application is av division from my application Serial No. 581,208, tiled September 9, 1910.

flint I claim is 1. In a despatch system, a tunnel section having side channels to accommodate tracks for cars moving in opposite directions, and a passage away con'lprising a trench between said channels, and an arched roof common to said passage way and to said channels.

2. In a despatch system, a tunnel section having channels to receive car tracks, said channels formed with a bottom of substantially circular section having as center` the center oil ligure oil the car adapted to run upon said tracks, whereby the tracks may be banked at curves without altering the tunnel section.

In a despatch system, a tunnel section having channels to receive car tracks, said channels formed with bottoms oi substantially circular section having as center the center of ligure of the car adapted to run upon said tracks, whereby the tracks may be banked at curves without altering the tunnel section, and provided with a trackway in each of said channels comprising transverse sleepers, a longitudinal sleeper, said transverse sleepers resting upon and overhanging said longitudinal sleeper, and running rails secured upon said transverse sleepers.

t. A reinforced tunnel section having side channels and a trench between said channels, an arched roof common to said trench and channels, and reinforcing` means occupying substantially the neutral of the arched roof and approaching the inner surface of the tunnel section at said channels.

5. A reinforced tunnel section having side channels and a trench between said chan nels7 an arched roof common to said trench and channels, and reinforcing means occupying substantially the neutral axis of the arched roof and approaching the inner surface of the tunnel section at said channels and approaching the surface of a corner formed between a channel and said trench.

6. A reinforced tunnel section having side channels and a trench, an arched roof common to said channels and trench, and reinforcing means occupying substantially the neutral axis of said arched roof and extending around and beneath said channels and trench.

7 A reinforced tunnel section having side channels and a trench, an arched roof com` mon to said channelsand trench, and reinforcing means occupying substantially the neutral axis of said arched roof and extend lng around and beneath said channels and trench and extending along the bottom of a channel and the side of said trench near the surface of the section.

8. A reinforced tunnel section having channels and a trench, an arched roof common to said channels andl trench, and reinforcing means disposed near t-he outer surface of said section beneath said trench and channels.

9. A tunnel section having channels and a trench, an arched roof common to said channels and trench, said channels formed with a bottom of substantially circular section having as center the center of figure of a car adapted to run through a channel, the tunnel section being thickened at the junc ture between trench and channel.

10. A tunnel section having channels and a trench, an arched roof common to said channels and trench, said channels formed with a bottom of substantially circular section having as center the center of igurev of a car adapted to run through a channel, the tunnel section being thickened at the juncture between trench and channel7 and a conduit disposed in said thickened section.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto affixed my signature in the presence of the two subscribing witnesses.

KENNETH E. STUART.

Vitnesses:

H. D. JAMESON, O. J. VVoRiu-I.V

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingl the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C. Y 

